Reproductive Physiology Study Guide

Male Reproduction

• Know steps of mitosis and meiosis and know the difference between the two.
• Know male and female reproductive anatomy.
• Know the steps of spermatogenesis and anatomical location of the steps.
• Know the functions of Leydig and Sertoli cells.
• Know the mechanisms for erection, emission and ejaculation (Fig. 17-9).
• Know the hormonal regulation of male reproduction (Fig. 17-10, Table 17-3).

Female Reproduction

• Know the steps in oogenesis (Figs 17-14, 17-15).
• Know the steps of menstrual cycle. Know hormonal regulation of reproductive function.
• Be able to match hormone levels with steps in oogenesis and changes in uterine structure.
• Know and understand concepts in Figures 17-17, 17-16, 17-19, 17-20 & 17-21.
• Know the transitions (hormonal and anatomical) that occur in puberty and menopause.

Pregnancy, parturition and birth control

• Know steps of fertilization from sperm transport to ovum to implantation.
• Know the functions of the placenta.
• Know the maternal hormonal changes during pregnancy.
• Know the maternal and fetal adaptations during pregnancy.
• Know the processes of parturition (Fig. 17-29).
• Know the neonatal adaptations after birth.
• Know the development of lactation and milk ejection reflex (Fig. 17-31).
• Know the types and mechanisms of contraception (Table 17-11).